Research Reports

Deconstructing PLP Warpage: Low-Temp PSPI, Balance Films, and Supplier Analysis

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Last Modified

2026-04-17

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For the current year of 2026, TSMC plans to establish a trial production line CoPoS through its subsidiary, VisEra, with trial production scheduled for 2027. Consequently, this year will be a critical window for product validation and deliveries for related equipment and material providers. To address the warpage issues inherent in large-area panel-level packaging (PLP), specialty chemical suppliers such as AMC, WaferChem, and Everlight Chemical showcased corresponding solutions at Touch Taiwan 2026, drawing significant market attention. 

Accordingly, this report provides an in-depth analysis of: (1) the background of the material technology PLP and its market outlook; (2) the causes of warpage and potential solutions; and (3) warpage-suppressing materials and key suppliers. The objective is to clarify the demand drivers for PLP, the mechanisms behind panel warpage, viable countermeasures, and the emerging business opportunities for Taiwan-based companies.

Key Highlights

  • TSMC, via subsidiary VisEra, plans a CoPoS trial line, making this year pivotal for product validation and deliveries for related equipment and material suppliers.
  • To tackle warpage in large-area panel-level packaging, specialty chemical providers such as AMC, WaferChem, and Everlight Chemical presented solutions at Touch Taiwan, attracting strong market interest.
  • The report analyzes the background and outlook of material-focused PLP, explains panel warpage causes and mitigation approaches, and profiles warpage-suppressing materials and key suppliers.
  • The goal is to clarify PLP demand drivers, warpage mechanisms and countermeasures, and highlight emerging business opportunities for Taiwan-based companies.

Table of Contents

  1. PLP: Background and Market Outlook
    • Figure 1: TSMC’s and Intel’s Respective Package Size Roadmaps
    • Figure 2: Number of Packages Across Different Wafer/Panel Sizes
    • Table 1: Overview of PLP Suppliers
  2. Causes of Warpage and Solutions
    • Figure 3: Definition of Warpage
    • Figure 4: Different Types of Warpage
    • Figure 5: Steps of the Chip-First and Chip-Last Processes
  3. Materials and Related Suppliers of Warpage Suppression
    • Figure 6: Major Specifications of PSPI at Various Cure Temperatures for Fujifilm
    • Table 2: Deployment in Low-Temperature-Cure PSPI among Vendors
    • Figure 7: Structure of Balance Film
    • Figure 8: Steps of Chip-Last Process for Balance Film
    • Figure 9: TSMC’s Ratio and Target of Localized Purchases (2022-2030)
  4. TRI’s View

<Total Pages: 14>

TSMC’s and Intel’s Respective Package Size Roadmaps





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