Key components and materials made from rare earth elements are virtually ubiquitous—found across consumer electronics, telecommunications, automotive, industrial automation, robotics, renewable energy, nuclear power, healthcare, military, aerospace, and aviation sectors. Their importance is beyond question.

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the upstream, midstream, and downstream segments of the rare earth supply chain. It also examines China’s dominant role within this industry and explores how the US and its allies are strategizing to respond.

Key Highlights

• Rare earth elements are critical in diverse sectors, including electronics, energy, and defense.
• The report examines the entire value chain: upstream, midstream, and downstream.
• China’s dominance in the industry is discussed.
• Strategies from the US and allies in response are explored.

Table of Contents

1. Rare Earth Elements Are Widely Used and No Less Critical Than Oil
   • Figure 1: Rare Earth Elements Include Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanide Series
   • Table 1: Rare Earth Element-Based Components, Materials, and Their End Applications
2. China Leads the Way in Rare Earth Production and Reserves, and Is the Primary Supplier of Heavy Rare Earth Elements
   • Table 2: Rare Earth Deposit Types and Production Sites
   • Figure 2: Share of Global Rare Earth Production by Country/Region in 2024
   • Table 3: 2024 Rare Earth Production by Country/Region
   • Figure 3: Share of Global Rare Earth Reserves by Country/Region in 2024
   • Table 4: Rare Earth Reserves by Country/Region
3. China Holds Significant Advantages in the Upstream and Midstream Rare Earth Supply Chain
   • Figure 4: Overview of the Global Rare Earth Supply Chain
4. China’s Rare Earth Export Controls Have Far-Reaching Impacts; US Will Need 3–5 Years to Fill Supply Chain Gaps
   • Figure 5: Restricted Items under China’s Ministry of Commerce and General Administration of Customs Announcement No. 18
   • Table 5: Rare Earth Resources Response Strategies of the US and Its Allies
   • Table 6: Estimated Timeline of the Impact of China’s Rare Earth Export Controls on the Global Downstream Supply Chain
5. TRI’s View

<Total Pages: 19>