IT Battery Trend Polymer Battery Cell Price will Reverse in 4Q19 Demand for Polymer Battery Grew Slowly in 3Q19 Smart Home Devices will Grow Steadily in the Next Five Years High-power Lithium-ion Batteries Begin to Expand in More Applications Comparison of Performance Differences between Mobile Phone and Power Battery Cell High-power Applications Highlight Internal Resistance Problem Domestic Robot Batteries Need to Meet the Requirements of Fast Charging Cobalt Supply and Forecast Refining Process and Application Differences of Cobalt Mine Concentration of Cobalt Supply Is Decreasing Cobalt Supply/Demand Forecast Price Trends of Cobalt for Batteries Quarterly Price Scenario Forecast for Cobalt Battery Prices in Relation to Cobalt Prices Nickel Supply and Forecast Global Nickel Supply and Distribution Three Pathways in Current Nickel Sulfate Supply Distribution of China's Main Nickel Ore Sources Forecast of Changes in Nickel Supply Scenario Predictions for Nickel Prices Changes in Cell Prices from Nickel Fluctuations Tesla to Drive Nickel Demand in 2020 Prices Remain High for Full NCM (811) Cells Relationship Between Cobalt/ Nickel Market Supply/Demand and the Overall Situation Analysis of Energy Storage Architecture and Application Characteristics of Smart Grid Configuration Points of Energy Storage Systems Covered by Power Architecture Power Company (BTM) Functional Classification for Energy Storage Applications Power Company (BTM) Energy Storage Application Value Customer Site (ATM) Functional Classification for Energy Storage Applications Customer Site (ATM) Energy Storage Application Value US EEI Case Statistics: NextEra Energy Had the Highest Consumption of Lithium-ion Batteries BTM Case Statistics: Balanced Development of Various Applications ATM Case Statistics: Proportion of Smart Grid Applications Was the Highest High Unit Cost of High Power Output Energy Storage Systems

IT Battery Trend Polymer Battery Price Is Expected to Drop in 3Q19 China Has Become the Main Supplier of IT Batteries Battery Industry Relocation Costs Are High Emerging Countries Are More Demanding on Battery Price Battery Cell Supply Chain Does Not Change Due to Trade War New Energy Vehicle Market US-China Trade War Leads to the Approach to Integration Stage HEV Penetration Rate Is Not Affected by Decrease in Overall Car Demand Both BEV and HEV Are the Targets of Promotion Establishment of Environment and Sensor will Gradually Implement the Forecast of Power Consumption Flexible Electricity Price can Affect Charging Habits and Create New Business Models HEV System Architecture and Market Different Types of Comparison for Mild Hybrid Distinguish Hybrid Type through Motor Position P0/PHEV Market Share will Rise Rapidly Fuel Efficiency Increases with Battery Capacity and Motor Power HEV Market Gradually Develops toward PHEV 48V System Starts to Boost Lithium-ion Battery Demand HEV High Power Output Is Beneficial to Lithium-ion Battery Price and Lifespan Demand of HEV Battery Is More Conducive to Lithium-ion Battery PHEV Battery Demand Is Higher than HEV in 2019

IT Battery Trend Due to high component inventory in 4Q18, the demand for NB battery isn’t expected to be strong in 2Q19. At the same time, polymer battery cell price will drop 5-10%. Increasing the charging voltage of battery cell to 4.3-4.4V is still the only way to enlarge energy density of NB and cell phone batteries. New Energy Vehicle Strategy and Battery Type Development In terms of the mass production of 21700 cylindrical cell, battery price is expected to decline. Besides, with the increase of product lifespan, the competitiveness can be improved. Electric vehicle battery in the US, Japan and Korea will focus on prismatic battery, and Chinese electric vehicle will mainly use polymer battery. E-cigarette Market Development Because e-cigarette appearance develops toward youth and lightness, the market demand for small battery will be boosted. At the same time, small battery cell production capacity will increase. Backup Power Development Trend Backup power will be the next key goal of lithium battery replacement for lead-acid battery, and the flexible spatial configuration of lithium battery will make decentralized architecture surpass centralized architecture.

IT Application Battery cell price will increase rapidly in 3Q18 Chinese battery cell will lead to the increase the market share of polymer battery Cylindrical and prismatic batteries will eventually become marginalized Resistor price will start to increase in 3Q18 Power Application Toyota will raise the rate of EV vehicles Chinese power battery market development (new energy vehicle and energy storage) Cathode Material Market High voltage and high nickel will be two mainstreams of high energy density China will focus on high voltage materials in short term High nickel system reduces cost but increases safety risk Cobalt will be hard to depart from seller’s quotation mechanism in the short term Rigid demand will prompt China to expand lithium material development

IT Application In 1Q18, the supplies of cylindrical battery and prismatic battery remain tight. Yet, SDI has cancelled the suspension of production and decided to supply prismatic battery in 2018, alleviating the tight supply situation for prismatic battery. The tight supply of cylindrical battery in 2018 will continue to happen. Cobalt price has surged, making LCO cell prices in 2Q18 rise massively. Due to the tight supply, the increase of cylindrical battery price will surpass 10%. Thus, the MNC battery combined lithium and cobalt materials will start to enter the market in 4Q18. If the material price keeps increasing, in 4Q18, battery cell price will reflect the material cost again. Power Application Tesla will increase energy density and reduce cobalt usage amount by enlarging battery cell volume and changing material percentage. With the current battery technology, when the penetration rate of new energy passenger vehicle reaches 15%, cobalt will be in short supply. The cost-effectiveness of energy storage battery for frequency offset will be higher than the general power adjustment (LL). China’s release of standard specifications and recycle standard for lithium battery cell and battery pack may help the reuse of lithium battery life cycle.

Consumer Electronic Application Power Application